Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Texas fires will diminish today; Lee's rains set all-time records

Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 01:27 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011

+32

East Texas' dangerous fires continued to rage out of control yesterday, thanks to gusty north winds associated with the passage of a cold front and the remnant circulation of Tropical Storm Lee. Since Saturday, wildfires have torched over 500 homes in East Texas and killed two people. At Austin Bergstrom Airport, sustained winds of 20 - 25 mph, gusting to 30 - 35 mph blew much of the day yesterday. Tropical Storm Lee's remnants didn't bring any clouds or moisture to Austin yesterday, and the temperature climbed to 91°, with a humidity of just 11%. With the region enduring it's driest 1-year drought on record, yesterday's heat, dryness, and winds resulted in critical fire conditions. The forecast today for Austin is much better--winds will be only 5 - 10 mph, which should give firefighters the upper hand in many of the blazes, despite low humidities that will be in the 15 - 25% range. NOAA's Storm Prediction Center is not predicting that critical fire weather conditions will return during the remainder of the week. You can monitor today's fire activity by using our wundermap for Austin with the fire layer turned on.

Figure 1. True-color image taken by NASA's Aqua satellite of the the fires burning near Austin, Texas on September 5, 2011. Image credit: NASA.

Video 1. Video shot by a motorist on Highway 21 near Austin, Texas of the smoke from the fires that raced through Bastrop County on September 4, 2011.The highway closes and the motorist is forced to turn around.

Texas' unprecedented heat
As I reported in yesterday's post, there has never been a Texas summer hotter than the summer of 2011. The summer of 2011 now holds every major heat record for the city of Austin, including most 100° days (67 so far), hottest month in recorded history (August, breaking the previous record by a remarkable 2.1°), hottest summer (by 1.1°), and hottest day in history (112°F, tied with Sep, 5, 2000.) As wunderground's weather historian Christopher C. Burt documents in his latest blog post, the situation is similar across the rest of the state. Seventeen major cities in Texas recorded their hottest summer on record in 2011. Most of these stations had records extending back more than 100 years, and several of the records were smashed by an amazing 3.4°F--at Lubbock and at Wichita Falls. Neighboring states also experienced unprecedented heat, with Oklahoma recording America's hottest month by any state in recorded history during July, and Shreveport, Louisiana breaking its record for hottest month by 3°F in August. Mr. Burt commented to me: " I do not believe I have ever seen a site with a long period of record, like Shreveport, where records go back to 1874, break its warmest single month on record by an astonishing 3°. This is unheard of. Usually when a site breaks its single month temperature record, we are talking about tenths of a degree, rarely a whole degree, let alone 3 degrees! Hard to believe, frankly." Texas has also had its worst fire season on record, with over 3.5 million acres burned this year, and it's driest 1-year period in recorded history.

Figure 2. Observed soil moisture for Sunday Sep 4, 2011. Soil moisture is expressed in percent, with 50% being a historically average soil moisture level. Very dry soils, with moistures in the driest 1% - 30% in history (red and orange colors), were present over much of the south, where Lee dropped its heaviest rains. These dry soils have limited flooding damage. Image credit: N OAA Climate Prediction Center.

Heavy rains from Lee create significant flooding
Tropical Storm Lee is no more, but its remnants are marching slowly northeastwards along a stalled cold front, bringing torrential rains. Jackson, Mississippi received 11.68" in a 24 hour period yesterday, which is that city's heaviest 24-hour rainfall on record, according to wunderground's weather historian, Christopher C. Burt. Their previous record was 8.54", set April 11 -12, 1979. Fortunately, Jackson was in severe drought, and the dry soils were able to absorb a significant amount of rain before the local rivers began flooding. The Pearl River at Jackson rose above flood stage this morning, and is expected to crest at moderate flood stage late this week. Chattanooga, Tennessee also set its record for the wettest 24-hour period in its history, with 9.85" falling yesterday. The previous record was 7.61", set on March 30, 1886. Again, the dry soils that were present before the event started will help keep river flooding in the minor to moderate range on area rivers. Soils are at near-average moisture levels in Central Pennsylvania, where Lee's remnants are expected to drop over seven inches of rain over the next two days. These rains should cause moderate and possibly major flooding in Pennsylvania. Also of concern is the potential for tornadoes today. NOAA's Storm Prediction Center (SPC) has logged 25 tornado reports over the past three days from Lee, including three near Atlanta, Georgia yesterday. More tornadoes are likely today over North Carolina, Southern Virginia, and Northern South Carolina, where SPC is predicting a "Slight Risk" of severe weather.

Lee's heaviest rain amounts, by state, as of 4 am CDT today:

Holden, LA: 15.43"
Florence, MS: 13.45"
Tillman's Corner, AL: 11.74"
Milton, FL: 10.03"
Chattanooga, TN: 9.85"
Rome, GA: 5.70"
Roanoake, VA: 4.30"
Bluefield, WV: 3.14"
Bridge City, TX: 3.12"
Flatwoods, KY: 3.67"

Figure 3. Predicted rainfall for the 2-day period 8am EDT Tuesday - 8 am EDT Thursday, Sep 8, 2011. Lee's remnants are expected to bring a large swath of 7+ inches of rain into Central Pennsylvania. Image credit: NOAA/HPC.

Hurricane Katia
Hurricane Katia strengthened this morning into the Atlantic's first Category 4 hurricane of the year, but has slipped slightly in intensity due to an eyewall replacement cycle, and is now a strong Category 3 hurricane with 125 mph winds. Latest satellite loops show that the eye has now disappeared, and the hurricane is having trouble maintaining its eyewall in the face of moderate wind shear of 10 - 15 knots on its northwest side. Continued weakening to a Category 2 storm is a possibility, though Katia will probably re-strengthen later today or on Wednesday once it manages to build a new eyewall.

The computer models continue to agree that a low pressure system over the Eastern U.S. associated with the remnants of Tropical Storm Lee will turn Katia to the north well before the storm reaches the U.S. As the storm moves northwards past North Carolina, Katia will get caught up in west-to-east moving winds associated with the jet stream, and taken northeastwards out to sea. No land areas are in Katia's cone of uncertainty, and Katia's outer rainbands should remain just offshore from North Carolina, New England, and the Canadian Maritime provinces at the point of closest approach. The main impact of Katia will be high surf leading to beach erosion and dangerous rip currents. Long period swells from Katia have arrived at the coast, and the entire U.S. East Coast will receive an extended multi-day period of high surf. The East Coast is lucky that Tropical Storm Lee came along, since Lee helped to create the steering pattern that will keep Katia from hitting the U.S.

Figure 4. Morning satellite image of Hurricane Katia.

95L off the coast of Africa
A large tropical wave with plenty of intense thunderstorm activity and spin is located about 700 miles west-southwest of the Cape Verde Islands off the coast of Africa. This wave, Invest 95L, is under a moderate 10 - 20 knots of wind shear, and is headed west to west-northwest at 15 mph. Recent satellite loops show that 95L has an elongated circulation center; this will need to tighten up into a more circular shape before the storm can become a tropical depression. Water vapor satellite images show that 95L is embedded in a very moist environment. Ocean temperatures are near 28°C, which is 1.5°C above the 26.5°C threshold usually needed for a tropical storm to form. With wind shear predicted to remain low to moderate the next four days, the atmosphere expected to stay moist, and ocean temperatures predicted to gradually warm, I don't see anything that would keep 95L from becoming a tropical depression in 1 - 2 days. NHC is giving 95L a 70% chance of developing into a tropical depression by Thursday. There is a large amount of model support for development of 95L into a tropical depression, with most of the models predicting it could be a weak tropical storm by the time it reaches the Northern Lesser Antilles Islands on Friday or Saturday. Residents of the islands should anticipate the possibility of tropical storm conditions arriving as early as Friday. Most of the models predict 95L will follow a path near or slightly north of the Northern Lesser Antilles and Puerto Rico, then curve northwestwards, on a trajectory that would likely miss the Bahamas.

New Gulf of Mexico disturbance
A cold front swept into the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Texas behind Tropical Storm Lee yesterday morning, and has stalled out along a line from Tampa, Florida to Mexico's Bay of Campeche in the southern Gulf of Mexico. Heavy thunderstorms have begun to build along the tail end of this front in the Bay of Campeche, but are still not very concentrated or organized. Most of the computer models develop a tropical depression in the Bay of Campeche late this week, and these same models did very well at anticipating the formation of Tropical Storm Lee in the Gulf of Mexico last week. Given the moderate wind shear, warm waters, and presence of an old cold front to serve as a nucleus for development, a new Gulf of Mexico tropical depression by late this week appears likely. The path such a storm might take would depend strongly on where the center forms. A more northerly formation location near the top of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula would likely result in a northward motion towards the Florida Panhandle. This is the solution of the European Center Model (ECMWF), which takes a weak tropical storm with a central pressure of 1000 mb into the Florida Panhandle on Sunday. A more southerly formation location might lead to the storm getting trapped in a region of weak steering currents, resulting in a slow, erratic motion in the southern Gulf. This is the solution of the latest runs of the GFS, NOGAPS, and UKMET models. NHC is giving this disturbance a 20% chance of developing into a tropical depression by Thursday.

Figure 5. Volunteers with Portlight.org disaster relief charity take a break from their Hurricane Irene relief efforts in Pink Hill, NC. From their latest blog post:Please help as you can. And please remember in your thoughts and prayers those in the path of Irene.

Jeff Masters

Crockett Texas Wildfire 2 (Moussifer)

A tree becomes a torch. We could hear the fire's roar.

Bastrop's Burnin (CenTexWeatherGal)

This HUGE fire has already burned over 500 homes and over 30,000 acres. It is 0, yes 0 percent contained and stretches 16 miles long and 6 miles wide. The smoke plume can be seen on dopler radar. This fire is actually to the north east of Bastrop which is east of Austin.

Magnolia Fire (shanzi)

Mighty close!

flood (lazzyhazy1)

Categories: Fire Flood Hurricane

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1201. Goldenblack 11:33 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
That is truly the driest air (over a large area) that I have seen in my 6 years on Wunder... Quoting Patrap: One ya dont see everyday. Member Since: Giugno 28, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 705

1203. stormpetrol 11:34 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
THere is no doubt now that TD#14 has resumed westward track! Westcasting 123, Westcasting 123......lmao!!! Member Since: Aprile 29, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 6394

1204. WaterWitch11 11:35 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting aquak9: oh my and ewww....... Member Since: Agosto 11, 2008 Posts: 3 Comments: 1266

1205. Patrap 11:35 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1206. Goldenblack 11:35 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
You know stormpatrol, I admire the fact that you stick to your guns! (I agree with your westcasting at the moment) Quoting stormpetrol: THere is no doubt now that TD#14 has resumed westward track! Westcasting 123, Westcasting 123......lmao!!! Member Since: Giugno 28, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 705

1207. Goldenblack 11:36 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
I just choked on my keyboard.... Quoting Methurricanes: Stop, everyone know the Patriots are going to win the super bowl, now lets get back to weather. Member Since: Giugno 28, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 705

1208. beell 11:36 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Patrap: One ya dont see everyday. True. Once every year or so. Texas ridge building in from the upper left also. Member Since: Settembre 11, 2007 Posts: 124 Comments: 12831

1209. Patrap 11:36 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Currently Active Tropical Cyclones 96L Storm Relative 1km Geostationary Visible Imagery Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1210. mobhurricane2011 11:37 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
guess this is nobody respond to the new guy post day huh, lol. kidding Member Since: Agosto 29, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 111

1211. caribbeantracker01 11:38 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
can some one give me a link for when the T numbers come out plzz? Member Since: Maggio 21, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 441

1212. stormpetrol 11:38 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Goldenblack: You know stormpatrol, I admire the fact that you stick to your guns! (I agree with your westcasting at the moment) Tks, Roger that! Member Since: Aprile 29, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 6394

1213. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:38 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting mobhurricane2011: Levi or anyone for that matter, what model or models develop 96L and bring it northward toward La. or the Panhandle area? Our local news met just said it had no shot because of dry air. I am in Mobile, Al. Thanks I know the ECMWF, our best model, does. Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1214. Patrap 11:39 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Google CIMSS ADT Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1215. Methurricanes 11:39 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Goldenblack: I just choked on my keyboard.... Hey over the last 10 years Ive been right 30% of the time, thats better than everyone elses forecasting. Member Since: Agosto 1, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 528

1216. Levi32 11:40 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting mobhurricane2011: Levi or anyone for that matter, what model or models develop 96L and bring it northward toward La. or the Panhandle area? Our local news met just said it had no shot because of dry air. I am in Mobile, Al. Thanks ECMWF currently brings it north. The CMC and UKMET try to but aren't sold yet. If it does come north I don't think it's likely to be an awfully strong storm. It's also still possible that it moves into Mexico if it develops extremely far south in the Bay of Campeche, which may be a new trend in some of the models, as opposed to developing near the NW tip of the Yucatan. Member Since: novembre 24, 2005 Posts: 586 Comments: 25441

1217. Patrap 11:40 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Tropical Depression 14L Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1218. HurricaneNewb 11:40 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting aquak9: Let's see how I can say this nicely....we had a blogger here, who used to write wu-mails to women, and want to worship their feet. And one woman came forward and told everyone, and posted the wu-mails publicly. And that's all I have to say about that. Mustve been a heck of a storm on the blog here. Member Since: Luglio 15, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 197

1219. victoriahurricane 11:40 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Patrap: Not much of a cool wake left from Lee, plenty of heat for 96L to get going. Member Since: Ottobre 16, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 544

1220. mobhurricane2011 11:41 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting TropicalAnalystwx13: I know the ECMWF, our best model, does. thank you. our local met says nothing to worry about. guess its a wait and see Member Since: Agosto 29, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 111

1221. Patrap 11:41 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting victoriahurricane: Not much of a cool wake left from Lee, plenty of heat for 96L to get going. Lotsa Juice for the Moose fer sure Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1222. aquak9 11:42 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting mobhurricane2011: Levi or anyone for that matter, what model or models develop 96L and bring it northward toward La. or the Panhandle area? Our local news met just said it had no shot because of dry air. I am in Mobile, Al. Thanks None of the models can really be trusted as it has not truly developed yet. Kinda like trying to chase a housefly with a shoe. Member Since: Agosto 13, 2005 Posts: 163 Comments: 24996

1223. palmbaywhoo 11:42 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting mobhurricane2011: guess this is nobody respond to the new guy post day huh, lol. kidding Who post dates a name by 2 years? Member Since: Agosto 18, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 331

1224. h0db 11:42 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting WeatherNerdPR: I don't like this. I can read it's license plate: "ARRIVECAT5" Member Since: Settembre 5, 2005 Posts: 0 Comments: 88

1225. GTcooliebai 11:42 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Patrap: One ya dont see everyday. Looks like good cotton mouth weather :P... I would say the Humidity is 0% with a Dew Point of -22°F Member Since: Agosto 31, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 5166

1226. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:42 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Lee has produced 31 preliminary tornadoes, which marks 4th place in terms of tornado producing tropical storms. Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1227. Skyepony (Mod) 11:42 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting caribbeantracker01: can some one give me a link for when the T numbers come out plzz? Link Member Since: Agosto 10, 2005 Posts: 144 Comments: 29240

1228. xcool 11:43 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Tonight 54° ;)~~~~ Member Since: Settembre 26, 2009 Posts: 2 Comments: 15501

1229. HCW 11:44 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Member Since: Agosto 10, 2002 Posts: 0 Comments: 1280

1230. mobhurricane2011 11:44 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Levi32: ECMWF currently brings it north. The CMC and UKMET try to but aren't sold yet. If it does come north I don't think it's likely to be an awfully strong storm. It's also still possible that it moves into Mexico if it develops extremely far south in the Bay of Campeche, which may be a new trend in some of the models, as opposed to developing near the NW tip of the Yucatan. thanks to you to. i generally come here to get info, people here generally know what the models are predicting Member Since: Agosto 29, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 111

1231. Patrap 11:44 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
96L 18Z Multiplatform Satellite Surface Wind Analysis Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1232. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:44 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting xcool: Tonight 54° ;)~~~~ Wow...We are only going down to 75 °F tonight. 60s later this coming week though. Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1233. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:45 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting HCW: Should see it strengthen at a faster rate as it approaches the Caribbean Islands. Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1234. AussieStorm 11:45 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Patrap: One ya dont see everyday. got a squeeze play going on there. Member Since: Settembre 30, 2007 Posts: 5 Comments: 13269

1235. Levi32 11:45 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting TropicalAnalystwx13: Wow...We are only going down to 75 �F tonight. 60s later this coming week though. It was 32 degrees Fahrenheit yesterday morning when I woke up. Member Since: novembre 24, 2005 Posts: 586 Comments: 25441

1236. charlottefl 11:46 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting TropicalAnalystwx13: Wow...We are only going down to 75 °F tonight. 60s later this coming week though. Well let's see it was 85 at 7AM this morning, so it's probably gonna be warm again tonight with the SW flow from Ex-Lee/Frontal Boundary. Member Since: Dicembre 18, 2006 Posts: 7 Comments: 2672

1237. stormpetrol 11:46 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting TropicalAnalystwx13: Lee has produced 31 preliminary tornadoes, which marks 4th place in terms of tornado producing tropical storms. Impressive! I think I heard Dr. Forbes on TWC say the same thing, not too sure, I could be wrong though Member Since: Aprile 29, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 6394

1239. defdogz 11:46 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Patrap: Wu age screening test. If you've seen every Super Bowl strike 7 .........................7 All except this year's. I'm done with the NFL, buncha thugs. Won't watch it, won't patronize advertisers. Besides, I had two puppies in Puppy Bowl VII this year, watched that instead. Member Since: Agosto 28, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 35

1240. Skyepony (Mod) 11:47 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Looks like TD14 got declared when its CI was 1.5, it's up to 2 now. Had a curved band there briefly. Uniform CDO the rest of the day. Member Since: Agosto 10, 2005 Posts: 144 Comments: 29240

1241. spathy 11:47 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
So are you saying wait til the storm becomes one of these before you get out the shoe? Link Quoting aquak9: None of the models can really be trusted as it has not truly developed yet. Kinda like trying to chase a housefly with a shoe. Member Since: Giugno 8, 2008 Posts: 65 Comments: 10474

1242. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:47 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Levi32: It was 32 degrees Fahrenheit yesterday morning when I woke up. And I bet you were freezing (see what I did there? lol). Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1243. Patrap 11:47 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
The 96L 23:25 Viz Image shows the T-storms firing in a warm bath. The Low Sun angle shows a lotta detail Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244

1244. GTcooliebai 11:47 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting xcool: Tonight 54° ;)~~~~ Alright now I'm jealous, we're stuck in the soup in FLA. Member Since: Agosto 31, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 5166

1245. AussieStorm 11:48 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting xcool: Tonight 54° ;)~~~~ Currently it's 59.9°F at 09:30 heading for a top temp of 68°F. Overnight low was 50°F. Member Since: Settembre 30, 2007 Posts: 5 Comments: 13269

1246. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:48 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting charlottefl: Well let's see it was 85 at 7AM this morning, so it's probably gonna be warm again tonight with the SW flow from Ex-Lee/Frontal Boundary. That's too hot.. Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1247. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:48 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting stormpetrol: Impressive! I think I heard Dr. Forbes on TWC say the same thing, not too sure, I could be wrong though Yeah, that is where I got it from, lol. Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1248. xcool 11:49 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
feeling soo good out side ;) Member Since: Settembre 26, 2009 Posts: 2 Comments: 15501

1249. TropicalAnalystwx13 11:49 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting GTcooliebai: Alright now I'm jealous, we're stuck in the soup in FLA. Florisiana? (Louisiana+Florida) Member Since: Luglio 6, 2010 Posts: 89 Comments: 25142

1250. xcool 11:49 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Member Since: Settembre 26, 2009 Posts: 2 Comments: 15501

1251. stormpetrol 11:50 PM GMT del 06 Settembre 2011
Quoting Levi32: It was 32 degrees Fahrenheit yesterday morning when I woke up. Wow Levi, I can't imagine living somewhere that cold, but I guess you feel the same way , The heat index here has been averaging like 110 degrees now for about 2-3 months! Member Since: Aprile 29, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 6394

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