Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Tropical Storm Erika likely soon; a weaker Jimena powers towards Baja
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 07:48 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009 +3
Hurricane Jimena has weakened to a low-end Category 4 hurricane with 135 mph winds, thanks to the collapse of its inner eyewall. The hurricane is undergoing a process common in intense hurricanes called an Eyewall Replacement Cycle (ERC), where the eye shrinks to a size too small to be stable, resulting in the disintegration of the eyewall, and the formation of a new eyewall from one of the outer spiral bands. Once the new eyewall becomes stable tonight, Jimena has an opportunity to re-strengthen.

The latest set of 12Z model runs show little change in Jimena's track. The hurricane is still expected to make landfall Wednesday along Mexico's Baja Peninsula. If the hurricane makes landfall over the southern portion of Baja, it would likely be at major hurricane strength. However, SSTs cool quickly to 23°C at the middle of the Baja Peninsula, and Jimena would likely weaken to a Category 2 or 1 hurricane if it makes a strike towards the middle of Baja. The computer models are split on what might happen once Jimena makes landfall on Baja, with one camp predicting a northeast turn bringing the storm over Mainland Mexico and eventually into Arizona, and the other camp stalling Jimena out over or just west of Baja. Regardless, the main threat from Jimena will be flooding and mudslides due to heavy rains.

Baja's hurricane history
The most powerful hurricane on record to hit the west coast of Baja occurred last year, when Hurricane Norbert made landfall on the central Baja coast with sustained winds of 105 mph (Category 2) . Norbert's central pressure of 956 mb at landfall made it the 3rd strongest hurricane to hit the Pacific coast of Mexico since record keeping began in 1949. Norbert killed eight, knocked out power to 20,000 homes, and damaged or destroyed 40% of the homes on the islands of Margarita and Magdalena. Norbert crossed the Baja Peninsula and made landfall on Mainland Mexico as a Category 1 hurricane with 85 mph winds.

Only two major hurricanes have made landfall on Baja since record keeping began in 1949. Both hurricanes hit the east (Gulf of California) side of Baja. The first was Hurricane Olivia of 1967. Olivia made landfall on October 13, 1967 as a Category 3 hurricane with 125 mph winds. Due to its small size and the unpopulated region of coast it hit, damage was minimal. The second major hurricane was Hurricane Kiko, which made landfall on August 27, 1989, as a Category 3 hurricane with winds of 115 mph (minimal Category 3). Kiko was a small hurricane and hit a relatively unpopulated area, resulting in no loss of life and only scattered reports of damage.


Figure 1. A plot of all the major hurricanes to pass within 200 miles of Mexico's Baja Peninsula since 1949. Image credit: NOAA Coastal Services Center.

Invest 94L almost Tropical Storm Erika
The Air Force Hurricane Hunters are investigating tropical wave 94L, about 200 miles east of the Lesser Antilles Islands. So far this afternoon, they have found a broad circulation with top winds of 45 - 50 mph in heavy thunderstorms on the east side. The circulation may be too broad for 94L to be considered a tropical storm, but visible satellite imagery shows that the circulation is getting better defined, and 94L's heavy thunderstorms are moving closer to the center of circulation. Recent satellite wind shear analyses by NOAA/Colorado State University and the University of Wisconsin show that wind shear is a moderate 10 - 20 knots over 94L, and this shear is keeping any thunderstorms from developing on the system's west side.

The forecast for 94L
The latest of 12Z model runs are more in tune with the idea that 94L will become a tropical storm, with the latest ECMWF run now on board. The storm will be steered west-northwest to northwest over the next three days thanks to the presence to two upper-level lows to the northwest of the storm. Since most of 94L's heavy thunderstorms and high winds are on the east side, the northern Lesser Antilles and Puerto Rico will probably be spared tropical storm force winds from this system. The best guess track for 94L, assuming it does intensify into a tropical storm in the next 24 hours, is on a northwest path between the Bahamas and Bermuda. If 94L stays weak, a more southerly path, along the northern edge of the Bahama Islands, is more likely.


Figure 2. Infrared satellite image taken at 12pm EDT, Tuesday Sep 1, 2009. Five major African tropical waves are apparent. Image credit: Navy Research Lab, Monterey.

Elsewhere in the tropics
It's September, the most active month for hurricane activity in the Northern Hemisphere. There's every indication that the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season will have an active first half of September, since SSTs are 0.5 - 1.0°C above average, wind shear is near average, and the African monsoon is sending a long parade of African waves spinning off the coast of Africa. An IR satellite image from noon today shows this activity well (Figure 2). We can see a line-up of five African waves stretching from the Lesser Antilles to eastern Africa. The GFS model develops the waves numbered "2" and "3" into tropical depressions next week, and the waves labeled "1" and "4" also have a chance to develop into tropical depressions, as well. The wave labeled "1" is mentioned on NHC's Tropical Weather Outlook as having a low (less than 30%) chance of developing into a tropical depression by Thursday. This wave is under a moderate 10 - 15 knots of wind shear, and is over sufficiently warm waters (27 - 28°C) that some development may occur this week. The wave is far enough north that it will be hampered by dry air from the Sahara Desert.

California fire webcams
As I discussed in this morning's post, you can use our wundermap for Los Angeles with the fire layer turned on to see where the fire and smoke are located, and track the temperatures and winds during today's air pollution event. We also have two webcams with views of the fire: Altadena and Tujunga.

Jeff Masters
Backing Down (Fotoguy77)
Part of the massive Station Fire backs down toward Sunland, Ca in this shot taken around 1am. The fire has burned through over 122,000 acres and killed two.
Backing Down
getting out (Fotoguy77)
This fire Chief from El Dorado County in Northern California is chased out of Aliso Canyon by a wall of flames. This was in the Acton area just off the 14 Freeway.
getting out
Categories: Hurricane
  Permalink | A A A
Reader Comments
Display: 0, 50, 100, 200 Sort: Newest First - Order Posted
Viewing: 1 - 51

Page: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77Blog Index

1. futuremet 07:49 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Good afternoon folks:

This the trough that the ECMWF expects to lift invest 94L out, not the current trough. It is a slightly amplified longwave trough that is expected to emerge of the canadian eastern maritime seaboard by Tuesday.

12Z ECMWF Tuesday



12Z gfs




The GFS expects the trough to be a slightly weaker. If we analyze further, it becomes evident that it is all about that timing and the strength of this weak longwave trough. The GFS and the CMC expects this system to move faster west than the ECMWF, thus, dodging most of the weakness. On the other hand if the trough is inadequate, it would still miss it. Even if the GFS were to slow it down in the 12Z run, it would still not go out to sea, because the trough is too weak.


Let's just wait and see
Member Since: Luglio 19, 2008 Posts: 43 Comments: 4049
2. homegirl 07:50 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Cape Verde trains a rolling!

Thanks for the update and the thoughts Dr. Masters.

Prayers for those in the path of Jimena and the CA fires.
Member Since: Agosto 1, 2006 Posts: 45 Comments: 7425
3. bayoubrotha 07:51 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Thanks Dr. M.
Member Since: Agosto 15, 2006 Posts: 0 Comments: 618
4. Orcasystems 07:53 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Member Since: Ottobre 1, 2007 Posts: 77 Comments: 26077
5. canesrule1 07:54 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Thanks Dr. M!
6. hurricane23 07:54 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
The 12z GFS has a thunderstorm rolling through the bahamas.
Member Since: Maggio 14, 2006 Posts: 8 Comments: 13279
7. bingcrosby 07:55 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
I hear the train a comin'.....
Member Since: Agosto 14, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 137
8. GTcooliebai 07:55 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Thanks Doc. wow!! a 50mph invest it's either a strong wave or their about to upgrade it. All hell break loose the African wave train is steaming down the tracks everyone watch out... aahhh! Also nervous times and a scary situation in California.
Member Since: Agosto 31, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 5205
9. canesrule1 07:57 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Current location of the Hurricane Hunters:

308 miles to the E from Saint John's, Antigua and Barbuda.
10. Patrap 07:55 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Like Dr. Masters noted,the wave train over Africa will be spitting them out every 60-72 hours for a spell.

A Look back below at One year ago Tomorrow.

Climatology says beware the Month of Sept,specially the First Half.

Atlantic Basin 2 Sept 2008

Member Since: Luglio 3, 2005 Posts: 372 Comments: 111641
11. Stormchaser2007 07:55 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Thanks for the update.

Maybe some of the African waves will prove more interesting.

"The best guess track for 94L, assuming it does intensify into a tropical storm in the next 24 hours, is on a northwest path between the Bahamas and Bermuda."
Member Since: Giugno 9, 2007 Posts: 4 Comments: 15249
12. scla08 07:56 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Member Since: Luglio 24, 2006 Posts: 0 Comments: 272
13. hurricane23 07:58 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Wave just of the african coast looks nice BUT should stay out to sea.
Member Since: Maggio 14, 2006 Posts: 8 Comments: 13279
14. aspectre 07:56 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
"The smoke over Colorado -- which has made the mountains west...invisible from downtown Denver -- has come directly from the massive 85,000-acre wildfire in Southern California."
Actually the StationFire already extends over 122,000acres / 190sq.miles / 492sq.kilometres.
Member Since: Agosto 21, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 4846
16. chevycanes 07:57 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
show that wind shear is a moderate 10 - 20 knots over 94L, and this shear is keeping any thunderstorms from developing on the system's west side.

that's for those saying "but it has an anticyclone so it's not being sheared."

23 hit the nail on the head in the previous blog. if it strengthens it will mostly likely go out to sea. if its weak, we'll get a tropical wave heading towards to Bahamas.
Member Since: Agosto 6, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 687
17. hurricanehanna 07:57 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
"people all over the blog, join hands, here comes the storm train, the storm train"

Sept 1 - here we gooooooo
Member Since: Settembre 5, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 3214
18. obsessedwweather 07:58 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Crazy African waves....
19. TexasHurricane 07:58 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Thank you!

Looks like it will be getting busy soon. Will these curve north as well.hmmmmm
Member Since: Luglio 2, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 2811
21. WxLogic 07:58 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Good afternoon... thx Doc.
Member Since: Agosto 14, 2008 Posts: 4 Comments: 4669
22. Stormchaser2007 08:00 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting btwntx08:

thats not funny


?

It wasnt meant to be funny.
Member Since: Giugno 9, 2007 Posts: 4 Comments: 15249
23. IKE 07:59 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting chevycanes:
show that wind shear is a moderate 10 - 20 knots over 94L, and this shear is keeping any thunderstorms from developing on the system's west side.

that's for those saying "but it has an anticyclone so it's not being sheared."

23 hit the nail on the head in the previous blog. if it strengthens it will mostly likely go out to sea. if its weak, we'll get a tropical wave heading towards to Bahamas.


I agree. Put me in that camp.


Quoting hurricane23:
The 12z GFS has a thunderstorm rolling through the bahamas.


LOL!
Member Since: Giugno 9, 2005 Posts: 23 Comments: 37047
24. Speeky 07:59 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
94L has winds already at 50 mph

Are those gusts or sustained winds

Have there ever been 5 storms off of africa all at once?

Or is this some kind of new record?
Member Since: Aprile 10, 2009 Posts: 1 Comments: 263
27. Cavin Rawlins 08:00 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
There's every indication that the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season will have an active first half of September, since SSTs are 0.5 - 1.0°C above average, wind shear is near average, and the African monsoon is sending a long parade of African waves spinning off the coast of Africa. An IR satellite image from noon today shows this activity well (Figure 2).

hence my Septermber Outlook
Member Since: Luglio 24, 2005 Posts: 407 Comments: 19076
28. Stormchaser2007 08:00 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Ill be watching this wave.

Good latitude and SAL should be low when it exits.

Image and video hosting by TinyPic
Member Since: Giugno 9, 2007 Posts: 4 Comments: 15249
29. canesrule1 08:00 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting TexasHurricane:
Thank you!

Looks like it will be getting busy soon. Will these curve north as well.hmmmmm
You worded that as incorrectly "will these systems curve north as well). "As well" what? 94L has not curved and possibly might not curve.
30. chevycanes 08:00 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting TexasHurricane:
Thank you!

Looks like it will be getting busy soon. Will these curve north as well.hmmmmm

if the general pattern stays the same as it has all summer then most likely. heading into fall the troughs deepen even more.

if something forms in the gulf or caribbean that would be the best chance for a land falling system.

or something just off the east coast somewhere but it would have to be kinda close to land.
Member Since: Agosto 6, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 687
31. bluewaterblues 08:01 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting hurricane23:
Wave just of the african coast looks nice BUT should stay out to sea.


Wrong answer....enviroment may a bit difficult for development but due to the current ridge forecasted a west movement is very likely.
Member Since: Agosto 6, 2006 Posts: 0 Comments: 153
32. WPBHurricane05 08:01 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Wind shear is not the problem with 94L, its dry air. Ana had the same problem.

An upper level high is centered over the center providing low shear.
Member Since: Luglio 31, 2006 Posts: 56 Comments: 7930
33. Chavalito 08:01 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
And there are people saying that 94L will affect Puerto Rico. Those should read Dr. M analysis: Virgins Islands and PR will be spared from TS winds. I sustain that this feature won't affect us in any sense, let' see.
Member Since: Agosto 14, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 45
34. chevycanes 08:01 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting btwntx08:

incorrect

not really but ok.
Member Since: Agosto 6, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 687
35. Stormchaser2007 08:01 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting Speeky:
94L has winds already at 50 mph

Are those gusts or sustained winds

Have there ever been 5 storms off of africa all at once?

Or is this some kind of new record?


They arent storms.

They are just waves. Its very likely that there have been way more than this. My guess was that 1995 had more.
Member Since: Giugno 9, 2007 Posts: 4 Comments: 15249
36. NoNamePub 08:02 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
bwtntx - you sure do feel like you can judge eveyone....Sorry - I don't usually get involvd in this stuff - BUT - no one knows what is going to happen and eveyone is entitled to an opinion....even if you happen to disagree. I understand I will probably make the illustrious Ignore list for this...but at least I said my peace.
Member Since: Luglio 13, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 517
37. Stormchaser2007 08:02 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting btwntx08:

incorrect


Support your self with facts.

Member Since: Giugno 9, 2007 Posts: 4 Comments: 15249
40. nrtiwlnvragn 08:03 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
HPC Extended Forecast Discussion


MEANWHILE THE 00Z CANADIAN IS A FAST/STRONG OUTLIER
WITH ITS TROPICAL SYSTEM THAT TRACKS TO THE MID ATLC COAST.
VERIFICATION THUS FAR THIS SEASON DOES NOT FAVOR THE CMC SOLN.
THERE IS STILL CONSIDERABLE SPREAD AMONG REMAINING SOLNS... WITH
16Z TPC/HPC COORDINATION
YIELDING A MERE TROF APPROACHING THE SERN
COAST BY DAY 7 TUE BASED ON POTENTIAL FOR AN UNFAVORABLE
ENVIRONMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT BY THE LATTER HALF OF THE FCST PERIOD.
Member Since: Settembre 23, 2005 Posts: 11 Comments: 8946
41. chevycanes 08:03 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
The best guess track for 94L, assuming it does intensify into a tropical storm in the next 24 hours, is on a northwest path between the Bahamas and Bermuda. If 94L stays weak, a more southerly path, along the northern edge of the Bahama Islands, is more likely.

from Dr. Masters.
Member Since: Agosto 6, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 687
42. Stormchaser2007 08:03 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Clear to see that there is 25 knots of shear in the 200-850mb region.

Member Since: Giugno 9, 2007 Posts: 4 Comments: 15249
44. Cyberdium 08:03 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Anybody use Gmail? I'm getting server erors...
45. Relix 08:04 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Seems like PR will definitely be spared the worst. Good =D. Time to watch the other systems, especially #2. #1 is bound to be a fish that north... or who knows... too far away.
Member Since: Agosto 3, 2006 Posts: 0 Comments: 2358
46. TexasHurricane 08:04 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Quoting canesrule1:
You worded that as incorrectly "will these systems curve north as well). As well what? 94L has not curved and possibly might not curve.


yeah, I didn 't word that right....I just assume it will curve..that just seems to be the case with them this year. If 94l does end up not curving then it will get sheared and die right?
Member Since: Luglio 2, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 2811
47. canesrule1 08:04 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Interesting...



And vorticity is increasing with 94L and with the Cape Verde AOI.

48. TheCaneWhisperer 08:05 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Ummm ok

So for good measure, assuming 94L stays weak, you should always turn your back on a tropical wave moving into the Bahamas in September, right?


And just like Jeanne in 04, this is surely going out to sea if it strengthens, do I have that right?
49. WPBHurricane05 08:05 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Member Since: Luglio 31, 2006 Posts: 56 Comments: 7930
50. Chiggy007 08:05 PM GMT del 01 Settembre 2009    
Look at that fantastic wave with massive spin over Africa around 5W...looks better thna it was 6 hours ago..
Should be exiting Africa next day or so...

anybody like to comment on that one if you care to take a break from 94L :)

Viewing: 1 - 51

Page: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77Blog Index

New Comment
Community Standards Policy Comments will take a few seconds to appear.
Post Your Comments
Please sign in to post comments.
Not only will you be able to leave comments on this blog, but you'll also have the ability to upload and share your photos in our Wunder Photos section.
About JeffMasters
Jeff co-founded the Weather Underground in 1995 while working on his Ph.D. He flew with the NOAA Hurricane Hunters from 1986-1990.

Community Activity